Define Bond Order. Calculate The Bond Order Of C2, H2 And N2. Chemistry Q&A (2024)

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Solution

Bond order:
Bond order (B.O.) is defined as one-half the difference between the number of electrons present in the bonding and the anti-bonding orbitals.
Bond order (B.O) = $\frac{1}{2}$ ( Number of bonding electrons - Number of the anti-bonding electron)
Bond order = $\frac{1}{2}$ (N_b- N_a)
a = Number of bonding electrons in molecular orbitals.
b = Number of antibonding electrons in molecular orbitals.
Bond order of C₂:
Electronic configuration of Carbon (C) is 1s² 2s²2p².
Total number of electrons in C₂ molecule is 6 + 6 =12
The molecular orbital electronic configuration of C₂is
${[σ {(1 s)}^{2}]}^{} [σ * {(1 s)}^{2}] [σ {(2 s)}^{2}] [σ * {(2 s)}^{2}] [π {(2 p x)}^{2}] [π {(2 p y)}^{2}]$
Number of electrons in bonding orbital = 8
Number of electrons in anti-bonding orbital = 4
Therefore, bond order = $\frac{1}{2}$ (8- 4) = 2
Hence, the bond order of the C₂ molecule is 2 and it will have a double bond.
Bond order of H₂:
The electronic configuration of Hydrogen (H) is 1s¹.
Total number of electrons in H₂is 1+1 = 2
The molecular orbital electronic configuration of H₂ is
$[σ {(1 s)}^{2}]$
Number of electrons in bonding orbital = 2
Number of electrons in anti-bonding orbital = 0
Bond order = $\frac{1}{2} (N_{b} - N_{a})$
Therefore, bond order = $\frac{1}{2} (2 - 0) = 1$
Hence, the bond order of H₂is 1
Bond order of N₂:
Electronic configuration of Nitrogen (N) is 1s² 2s²2p³.
Total number of electrons in N₂is 7 + 7 = 14.
The molecular orbital electronic configuration of N₂ is
${[σ {(1 s)}^{2}]}^{} [σ * {(1 s)}^{2}] [σ {(2 s)}^{2}] [σ * {(2 s)}^{2}] [π {(2 px)}^{2}] [π {(2 p y)}^{2}] [σ {(2 p z)}^{2}]$
Number of electrons in bonding orbital = 10
Number of electrons in anti-bonding orbital = 4
Bond order = $\frac{1}{2} (N_{b} - N_{a})$
Therefore, bond order = $\frac{1}{2} (10 - 4) = 3$
Hence, the bond order of N₂ is 3.

FAQs

Define Bond Order. Calculate The Bond Order Of C2, H2 And N2. Chemistry Q&A? ›

The Bond Order of C₂ is 2, H₂ is 1, and N₂ is 3. It is calculated by subtracting the number of anti-bonding

anti-bonding
In theoretical chemistry, an antibonding orbital is a type of molecular orbital that weakens the chemical bond between two atoms and helps to raise the energy of the molecule relative to the separated atoms. Such an orbital has one or more nodes in the bonding region between the nuclei.
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Antibonding_molecular_orbital
Antibonding molecular orbital - Wikipedia

electrons from the number of bonding electrons and then dividing the result by 2.

Why is N2 bond order 3? ›

So in N2 6 electrons are present in bonding molecular orbitals and no electrons are present in antibonding molecular orbitals so it is 6–0/2 =3 so bond order is…. 3… mean that N2 has triple bond….

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What is the bond order of N2 O2? ›

where a bonding electron is an electron present in a bonding orbital, and an anti-bonding electron is an electron present in an anti-bonding orbital. Therefore, the bond order of N₂ is 1, the bond order of O₂ is 2, the bond order of O₂⁺ is 2.5, and the bond order of O₂^- is 1.5.

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What is the bond order of C2? ›

Hence, the bond order of the C₂ molecule is 2 and it will have a double bond.

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Why do we calculate bond order? ›

The bond order shows the number of chemical bonds present between a pair of atoms. For instance, the bond order of diatomic nitrogen N≡N is 3 and bond order between the carbon atoms in H-H≡C-H is also three. The bond order describes the stability of the bond.

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Is F2 more stable than N2? ›

N2 has the highest chemical stability among O2, N2 and F2. Chemical reactivity order: N2 < O2 < F2. Chemical stability order: F2 < O2 < N2.

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What is the bond order of N2 and Cl2? ›

N2<O2<Cl2<F2.

What is the bond order of the C2 2 molecule? ›

C 2 2 − is diamagnetic with bond order 3.

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What is the bond order of CO and N2? ›

(I) Bond order of CO and N2 are 3 and 3. (II) Bond order of CO and N2 are same. (III) During the formation of N+2 from N2 bond length increases. (IV) During the formation of CO+ from CO, the bond length decreases.

Define Bond Order. Calculate The Bond Order Of C2, H2 And N2. Chemistry Q&A (2024)

FAQs

Define Bond Order. Calculate The Bond Order Of C2, H2 And N2. Chemistry Q&A? ›

Antibonding molecular orbital - Wikipedia

Why is N2 bond order 3? ›

References